Foot problems are a major risk for people with diabetes. The main concerns are peripheral neuropathy (loss of feeling and normal nerve function) and peripheral vascular disease (loss of normal circulation).
When you lose feeling in your toes and feet, you may not be aware that you have injured yourself—perhaps from something as simple as tight shoes that led to a blister. If circulation is impaired, the wound might not heal and become infected. Then, because you have loss of feeling in your feet, you may not be aware the problem is getting worse.
The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) website advises those with diabetes to inspect their feet every day. “Look for puncture wounds, bruises, pressure areas, redness, warmth, blisters, ulcers, scratches, cuts, and nail problems . . . If you find any injury — no matter how slight — don’t try to treat it yourself. Go to a medical doctor right away.”
Proper foot care can help prevent some of the problems associated with diabetes. If you have the disease, you should visit a podiatrist when it’s time to cut your toenails or trim your calluses.
Diabetic Foot Care
Additionally, the AOFAS offers these tips for taking care of your feet, skin, and nails if you are diabetic:
- Wash your feet every day with mild soap and warm water.
- Test the water temperature with your hand first.
- Don’t soak your feet.
- When drying them, pat each foot with a towel and be careful between your toes.
- Use quality lotion to keep the skin of your feet soft and moist — but don’t put any lotion between your toes.
- Trim your toenails straight across. Avoid cutting the corners.
- Use a nail file or emery board. If you find an ingrown toenail, see your doctor.
- Don’t use antiseptic solutions, drugstore medications, heating pads, or sharp instruments on your feet.
- Don’t put your feet on radiators or in front of the fireplace.
- Always keep your feet warm.
- Wear loose socks to bed.
- Don’t get your feet wet in snow or rain.
- Wear warm socks and shoes in winter.
- Don’t smoke or sit cross-legged for long periods as both decrease blood supply to your feet.